Principles of Programming Languages

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• Course introduction is here.

  Overview

  Prerequisite

  • Data Structures & Algorithms and Object Oriented Programming

  Course Objectives

  • To learn principles of programming language 
  • To understand structural, computational and logical implications regarding programming languages 
  • To explore main programming paradigms 
  • To understand and apply Object Oriented Programming (OOP) principles using C++ and Java

  Course Outcomes

  On completion of the course, student will be able to:
  

  • To analyze the strengths and weaknesses of programming languages for effective and efficient program development. 
  • To inculcate the principles underlying the programming languages enabling to learn new programming languages. 
  • To grasp different programming paradigms. 
  • To use the programming paradigms effectively in application development.

• Syllabus and Notes

• Unit 1

  Unit 2

  Unit 3

  Unit 4

  Unit 5

  Unit 6

  Unit 1

  ×

  Programming Language Syntax and semantics

  Software development process, language and software development environments, language and software design methods, languages and computer architecture, programming language qualities, languages and reliability, languages and maintainability, languages and efficiency, a brief historical perspective and early high level languages, a bird's eye view of programming language concepts. 

  Syntax and semantics-language definition, syntax, abstract syntax, concrete syntax, and pragmatics, semantics, an introduction to formal semantics, languages, language processing, interpretation, translation, the concept of binding, variables, name and scope, Type, l-value, r-value, reference and unnamed variables, routines, generic routines, aliasing and overloading, an abstract semantic processor, run time structure. Case study- run time structure of C.
  

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  Unit 2

  ×

  Structuring the Data, Computations and Program

  Structuring of Data

  Built in and primitive types, Data aggregates and type constructors, Cartesian product, Finite mapping User-defined types and abstract data types, Type systems, Static versus dynamic program checking, Strong typing and type checking, Type compatibility, Type conversions, Types and subtypes, Generic types, monomorphic versus polymorphic type systems, Case Study- The type structure of C++, Java. 

  Structuring of Computations

  Structuring the computation, Expressions and statements, Conditional execution and iteration, Routines, Style issues: side effects and aliasing, Exceptions, Case Study-Exception handling in C++.
  

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  Unit 3

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  Structuring of Program

  Structuring of Program

  Software design method, Concepts in support of modularity, Encapsulation, Interface and implementation, Separate and independent compilation, Libraries of modules, Language features for programming in the large, Program organization, Grouping of units, Encapsulation, Interface and implementation, Abstract data types, classes, and modules, Generic units, Generic data structures, Generic algorithms, Generic modules, Higher levels of genericity. 

  Programming paradigms

  Introduction to programming paradigms, Introduction to four main Programming paradigms- procedural, object oriented, functional, and logic & rule based. 

  Study of Java as Object oriented programming language.
  

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  Unit 4

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  Java as Object Oriented Programming Language-Overview

  Introduction

  • Java History
  • Java Features, Java and Internet
  • Java and Word Wide Web, Web Browsers
  • Java Virtual Machine

  Data Types and Size

  • Signed vs. Unsigned
  • User Defined vs. Primitive Data Types
  • Explicit Pointer type

  Arrays

  • One dimensional array, multi-dimensional array, alternative array declaration statements. 

  Control Statements

  • Revision of identical selection Statements in brief (if, else if, Nested if, Switch, Nested Switch)
  • Iterative Statements For Each version of For Loop, Declaring Loop Control Variables Inside the for loop, Using comma in for loop)
  • Jump Statements (Labeled Break and Labeled Continue)

  String Handling

  • String class methods

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  Unit 5

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  Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation using Java

  Classes and Methods

  • Class fundamentals
  • declaring objects, assigning object reference variables
  • adding methods to a class, returning a value, constructors, this keyword 
  • garbage collection
  • finalize() method, overloading methods, argument passing, object as parameter, returning objects, 
  • access control, static, final, nested and inner classes, command line arguments, variable-length arguments. 

  Inheritances

  • Member access and inheritance, super class references, Using super, multilevel hierarchy
  • constructor call sequence, method overriding, dynamic method dispatch
  • abstract classes, Object class. 

  Packages and Interfaces

  • Defining a package, finding packages and CLASSPATH, access protection, importing packages
  • Interfaces: defining, implementation, nesting, applying
  • variables in interfaces, extending interfaces, instance of operator

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  Unit 6

  ×

  Exception Handling in Java

  Fundamentals

  • Fundamental
  • exception types, uncaught exceptions, try, catch, throw, throws, finally, multiple catch clauses
  • nested try statements, built-in exceptions
  • custom exceptions (creating your own exception sub classes)

  Managing I/O

  • Streams, Byte Streams and Character Streams, Predefined Streams
  • Reading console Input, Writing Console Output, Print Writer class

  Applet

  • Applet Fundamental, Applet Architecture, Applet Skeleton
  • Requesting Repainting, status window, HTML Applet tag
  • passing parameters to Applets
  • Difference between Applet and Application Program

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